One of the things Marcel Duchamp is most famous for is his collection of "readymades," where he found objects and presented them as art. Duchamp began this project in 1915 with a bicycle wheel assembled on a stool. Duchamp began creating readymades to stray away from 'retinal' art; art that Duchamp believed was only visual. He selected the pieces on the basis of visual indifference, and the selections reflected his sense of irony, humor, and ambiguity. Duchamp limited the yearly production of readymades, and produced no more than 20 in his liftetime. He submitted many to art juries, challenging the public and his patrons to question what conventional art is, and is not. Many of his early readymades have been lost or discarded, but Duchamp commissioned reproductions of originals years later.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Readymades_of_Marcel_Duchamp

In advance of a broken arm (1915) http://www.toutfait.com/issues/volume2/issue_5/articles/merritt/images/04_shovel_big.jpg

Bicycle Wheel (1913) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Duchamp_wheel.jpg

Fountain (1917) Photograph by Alfred Stieglitz. Source: http://sdrc.lib.uiowa.edu/dada/blindman/2/04.htm
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